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WOOD-FUELLED BOILER & STOVE RANGE  |
WOOD-FIRED HEATING |
BOILER MANUFACTURER |
INSTALLATION and MAINTENANCE |
Glossaire
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Primary air and secondary air The primary air supply is the air fed to the base of the flames to enable the wood to burn, whereas the secondary air supply ensures the gases burn. |
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Buffer reservoir A water reservoir intended to hold the heat produced by a source (boiler or solar collector, etc.) and distribute it through a heating system by using the “water-accumulation” principle. The buffer reservoir can include a tank of hot water for washing purposes. |
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Biomasse All materials of biological origin that can serve as fuel to produce heat, electricity or a liquid fuel. |
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Logs or wooden logs Whole logs cut into round billets 100, 50 or 33 cm long. |
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Wood chips or forest blocks) Blocks 2 5 cm long produced by grinding up branches or untreated wood resulting from industrial or forestry activities (residual trees, the tops of trees, or uncontaminated wooden pallets). They differ from wood waste by being more specific in dimensions (G30 or G50). |
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Wood-derived energy All uses of wood as a fuel. |
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CO2 (carbon dioxide) A colourless, odourless and inert gas produced during any combustion process. Each molecule of the gas contains one atom of carbon and two of oxygen. The increased proportion in the atmosphere – as a result of industrial production and other human activities – presents a major environmental problem: the greenhouse effect. |
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Wood waste This results from industrial or craft activities that use wood (notably sawmills and joinery); the waste can be of any size and shape. Sawdust can be considered as wood waste.. |
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Fossil fuel(s) Energy sources (gas, coal, oil, etc.) produced by fossilisation of living creatures; present in limited and non-renewable quantities. These substances are polluting when used as fuels, because of the release of greenhouse gases. |
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Renewable energy Energy sources that are renewed or naturally regenerated over a human lifespan. Examples are solar, wind, photovoltaic, geothermal and biomass sources. |
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Gasification Thermo-chemical conversion of a solid fuel into a gaseous fuel. Wood can be considered as 80% gas and 20% coal. |
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Granulometry This refers to the dimensions of wood chips (in the form of wood blocks). The more uniform the dimensions, the better the material burns. |
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Hygrometry This refers to the moisture content of wood blocks. |
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Kilowatt-hour (kWh) Unit of measurement used for electrical energy. |
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Stacked cubic metre Unit of measurement used for wood chips. |
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Wood pellets 100%-natural fuel of biological origin, resulting from sawdust that is strongly compressed and then made into cylinders about 2 cm long and 6 10 mm in diameter. |
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Calorific power This refers to the heat output that a wood-fuelled heater can produce. It is measured in kilowatts (kW). |
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Silo Storage premises for wood pellets or wood chips. |
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Stere A unit of measurement, corresponding to a cubic metre, sometimes used for wooden logs. |
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Ash content The proportion of solid, unburnt waste material left after burning. It should be very low (<1%), indicating good-quality combustion and ease of maintenance. |
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Proportion of fines Fines are particles less than 2 mm in size, resulting from converting or transporting wood. A high proportion of “fines” increases the dust content of the smoke, and if greater than 5% it can cause problems in operation of the boiler (clogging up the pipes and making it difficult to regulate the equipment, etc.). |
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Moisture content This affects the wood’s calorific value, the quality of combustion, and therefore the boiler’s efficiency. It should not exceed 25%. N.B. Each 10 percentage points of moisture results in the loss of about 1 kWh/kg. |
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Hopper Large container, with an inverted pyramidal shape, to store products in bulk. |
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Feed screw A worm screw used to carry the wood fuel (blocks or pellets) from the storage silo to the heating equipment. |
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